APPLICATION OF HESPERIDIN IN INTEGRATIVE APPROACH FOR THE TREATMENT OF DISEASES IN DOGS AND CATS

Hesperidin is a bioflavonoid (flavanone glycoside). Hesperidin is a type of plant pigment found in citrus fruits. Hesperidin is abundant in citrus fruits – lemons, limes, oranges, and grapefruits. Hesperidin was first isolated from the white inner layer of citrus peels. Hesperidin together with other similar bioflavonoids was formerly called as “vitamin P”.

Hesperidin exhibits many pharmacological actions – cardioprotective, antihypertensive, antihyperlipidemic, antidiabetic. Various trials have shown that the pharmacological importance of hesperidin is mainly attributed to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms.

MAIN PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF HESPERIDIN:

ANTIOXIDATIVE – Exerts direct free radical scavenging ability, capability to increase cellular glutathione content, reduces oxidative stress markers, inhibits lipid peroxidation, and prevents DNA damage.

NEUROPROTECTIVE – Ameliorates deficits in social interactive behaviors, suppresses the oxidative stress, attenuates behavioral alterations, regulates cellular signaling pathways involved in stroke and epilepsy.

PSYCHOPROTECTIVE – Exerts an antidepressant-like effect, decreases stress and anxiety, exerts a sedative effect.

ANTICANCER – Prevents carcinogenesis by inducing apoptosis of tumor cells, suppression of inflammation, and inhibition of the proliferation of cancer cells.

CARDIOPROTECTIVE – Exerts anti-hypotensive, hypolipidemic effect, and reduces inflammation.

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY – Decreases inflammation biomarkers, suppresses pro-inflammatory protein production.

METABOLIC – Exerts both hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects, attenuates hyperglycemia mediated oxidative stress.

RADIOPROTECTIVE – Protecting the DNA, immune and hematopoietic systems from X-ray, UV, and γ-radiation.

CHART LEGEND

H – ingredient has HIGH impact on specified disease

M – ingredient has MEDIUM impact on specified disease

N – there is no data confirming the impact of the ingredient on specified disease